Time & energyIdea 13 · 1 min read

Try not to work more than 49 hours a week

Grade B evidenceValue: High
In plain language

Records from British munitions factories during World War I showed output rising proportionally up to 49 weekly hours. Beyond that, each additional hour produced less. Seventy hours produced almost the same output as 56; the extra 14 hours added virtually nothing.

MoneySmall cost
TimeQuick and easy
EffortSome effort

What it takes

Potentially less overtime pay, and effort negotiating with a manager.

What you may gain

Historical factory records showed roughly proportional output below 49 hours/week, slower gains above that, and maximum output near 63 hours. Output at 70 hours was nearly the same as at 56, making the additional 14 hours effectively unproductive.

Context & considerations

These century-old data concern mainly female manual workers. The threshold need not be the same for mental work; the author notes that other occupations may have higher or lower thresholds. The reliable message is diminishing returns beyond some point, not a universal cutoff of exactly 49 hours.

Research & references

Pencavel (2015). The Productivity of Working Hours. The Economic Journal. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12166